Showing posts with label modernaires. Show all posts
Showing posts with label modernaires. Show all posts

Sunday, April 29, 2012

“Elmer’s Tune” by Glenn Miller

At #1: December 20, 1941 (one week)
Still alive? : Major Glenn Miller went missing in action on December 15, 1944.

In order to find out anything about “Elmer’s Tune”, Wikipedia will be no help. You have to go to Rick Busciglio at the Examiner.com for the whole story:

Glenn Miller's number one hit ''Elmer's Tune'' in 1941 was written by a mortician. Young Elmer Albrecht worked next door to Chicago's Aragon Ballroom and received permission to use one of their pianos on his lunch hours. Bandleader Dick Jurgens liked one of the melodies he heard Albrecht play and arranged it for his orchestra. Lyricist Sammy Gallop added words. The rest is history.

Gallop most likely added lyrics after Dick Jurgens’s instrumental version, which sounds very different from Miller’s final version above:

Busciglio also identifies the vocalists for the Glenn Miller version: Ray Eberle and the Modernaires. If you’ve been following the blog, you could probably have guess that the Modernaires were the chorus.

Oddly enough, I’m going to take a slight diversion to Glenn Miller’s death in December 1944. This is from the University of Colorado College of Music:

The weather was miserable the day Glenn was supposed to fly (on authorized, scheduled transport) and the day after. The third day, Friday, December 15, 1944, Glenn accepted a ride with Lt. Col. Norman Baessell. The plane was a single-engine C-64 Norseman. The pilot was Flight Officer John R. S. Morgan. The weather was wet, foggy and cold. The lightly equipped plane could not fly above the weather nor could it fly in the weather. Therefore, it would be forced to fly below the weather, close to the English Channel’s choppy surface. As the aircraft was about to depart, Miller yelled to Baessell (over the noise of the idling engine) “where the hell are the parachutes?” “What’s the matter, Miller,” retorted the gung-ho, extroverted colonel to the obviously apprehensive major, “do you want to live forever?”

There are three accounts of Miller’s death you can believe:

1. Something happened to Baessell’s plane and they never made it across the Channel. There’s a further theory that some English pilots on their way back from a bombing mission dumped their remaining bombs over the Channel and the plane was hit, downed by friendly fire.
2. The Germans claimed that Miller died in a Paris brothel.
3. Some conspirators claim that Miller was working for US intelligence on a secret mission that went belly-up and Miller was killed. The plane disappearance was a cover-up of the truth.

In my opinion, the theories are ranked from greatest to lowest credibility. The last is barely plausible – why would you choose one of the most recognizable people in the world to go on a critical war-time spy mission? The only reason the second theory is there at all is because Goebbels believed that wartime propaganda couldn’t be based entirely on lies – there had to be some elements of truth in order to better sell the lie to the public. But even if Miller died in a brothel and there had to be a cover-up to avoid embarrassment, it would have been very easy to come up with a good story for Miller’s death. (And the truth would have come out by now with so many potential witnesses.)

If I had to bet, I’d put my money on the first theory. Pilot error gets even good pilots killed. Either Miller’s pilot hit a snafu or they were really hit by the bombing raid.

There is a Miller-Germany connection though. In October of 1944, Miller and his orchestra showed up at Abbey Road Studios – yes, that Abbey Road – to perform some of his songs with German lyrics and messages which were going to be used for propaganda purposes – clearly, Miller’s music must have been popular in Germany. (Some people claim that Miller was fluent in German, which was not the case.)

On the internet – I won’t link where, because the source is some sort of kooky neo-Nazi – I found an alternate set of lyrics to “Elmer’s Tune” which might have been sung by William Joyce. Joyce was the infamous “Lord Haw-Haw” on English-language Nazi propaganda broadcast. Listen to the Miller clip above – I heard the propaganda broadcast with instrumental backing from someone other than Miller’s orchestra – and substitute the lyrics below:

Lord Haw-Haw version:

Why are the ships always sinking and blinking at sea?
What makes the British start thinking of their cup of tea?
It's now the season, the reason, it's plain what it means
German submarines!

What makes the sailors go crazy wherever they cruise?
What makes the market go down but frightens the Jews?
What takes the kick out the chicken, the pork from the beans?
Germans submarines!

Listen, listen,
Can't you hear the sound, they're never missin'!
Torpedoes! Torpedoes!
Hitting at day, and hitting at night!

Who sinks the trawler, the tanker, the ship pull of meat?
Who sinks destroyers, and cruisers, the pride of the fleet?
It's now the season, the reason, it's plain what it means
German submarines!

Miller disappeared in December 1944. Joyce was hanged for treason slightly more than a year later, in January 1946. If the Nazis chuckled at Miller’s death, they wouldn’t have long to chuckle.

Extra: I didn't know that Ray Eberle was the brother of Bob Eberly from the Jimmy Dorsey band. It appears that they took different approaches to spelling their last name - Ray kept the family spelling and Bob altered it.

Saturday, April 28, 2012

“Chattanooga Choo-Choo” by Glenn Miller

At #1: November 29, 1941-December 13, 1941; December 27, 1941-January 31, 1941 (nine non-consecutive weeks)
Still alive? : If he is alive, he’d be 108 years old as of 2012. He disappeared on December 15, 1944.

If anyone ever asks you, “What was the #1 song in the United States when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor?” you can tell them “Chattanooga Choo-Choo”. Aside from a brief bump in December when it was displaced by “Elmer’s Tune” (also by Glenn Miller), the song resumed its number one position until the end of January 1942. The year 1941 had been Jimmy Dorsey’s year; 1942 was going to belong to Glenn Miller.

“Chattanooga Choo-Choo” is very recognizable. It’s been covered over and over and over and the hook is very catch. I’m sure there are a lot of teenagers out there who could at least sing at least, “Pardon me boy/is that the Chattanooga Choo-Choo?” The music, words, and driving tempo of the song still surprise and delight a modern listener, the signs of a classic song.

Certainly, Americans entering the World War II Era thought so. The song sold 1,200,000 copies, the first million-selling song in the United States since “My Blue Heaven”:

Glenn Miller was awarded a gold record on February 10, 1942. By “gold record” we mean just that – a gold-plated record presented to Miller by the company that released the song, RCA Victor. We were years away from “official” gold-record designation in 1958 by the RIAA that set “gold record” status at 500,000 sales. Gold records back then were few and far between, and only for singles – no album would crack the 1,000,000 sales barrier until 1957.

Of course, I suspect that Miller had some help. He was appearing on national radio with his orchestra three times a week, between 1939 and 1942 – according to Wikipedia, the orchestra first split time with the Andrews Sisters on a program sponsored by Chesterfield Cigarettes, and then had the program to its own. I suspect that people had plenty of chances to hear “Chattanooga Choo-Choo”.

Furthermore, Miller’s song had already been showcased in a movie, Sun Valley Serenade . Glenn Miller and his orchestra practice “Chattanooga Choo-Choo” in the movie:

I suggest you watch that clip. It’s a full-fledged music video by modern standards. The song-and-dance at the end is by Dorothy Dandridge and The Nicholas Brothers. The Brothers might have been some of the greatest dancers ever, and that is no hyperbole. (It’s a pity that Southern movie theaters often cut this scene out. Their white audiences didn’t know what they were missing.)

Oddly enough, Sun Valley Serenade’s plot has some ominous foreshadowing. Sonja Henie, of all people, plays a Norwegian war refugee that a band decides to adopt as a publicity stunt – the band is surprised to find that Henie is all full-grown. Clearly, the American public knew about the war refugee problem, and Henie’s Norwegian good looks wouldn’t have to remind Americans that a lot of war refugees weren’t tiny Nordic blondes.

The song was nominated for Best Original Song at the 1942 Academy Awards but had to compete with eight other songs; “The Last Time I Saw Paris” by Kern and Hammerstein took the trophy. Well, “Paris” won the battle but it seems that “Chattanooga” won the war.

The vocalists on “Chattanooga” were Tex Beneke (“Hi there Tex/What you say?“), Paula Kelly and The Modernaires. Beneke would take over the Glenn Miller band after Miller went missing in action. Paula Kelly would join the all-male Modernaires as a member after Miller went off to war. They would end up adding lyrics to a lot of Miller’s instrumental songs and making hits of their own. (Kelly would marry an original member of the Modernaires.) The Modernaires are still out there, with two of the children of Paula Kelly making up the quartet.

Later on, the song would be borrowed by a lot of singers - including Bill Haley - and versions of the song became popular in Germany. These German-language versions sarcastically altered the lyrics to refer to the unreliability of German train service after the war.

Extra: As it turns out, there’s a song on the South Park Christmas Album called “It Happened in Sun Valley” which comes from Sun Valley Serenade.